Jacques Inaudi (1867-1950) was an Italian child prodigy, first introduced to the Society of Anthropology of Paris by its founder, Paul Broca, in 1880. In 1892, he was studied by the members of the Academy of Sciences, and Jean Martin Charcot (1825-1893) wrote a report describing his abilities. Charcot also involved his former collaborator, Alfred Binet (1857-1911), who was to pursue his own work on prodigious calculators from 1892 to 1894 as Assistant Director at the Sorbonne laboratory of physiological psychology. This work was fruitful for psychology as it offered a remarkable confirmation of the theory of partial memories and familiarized scientists with a new form of mental calculation, the auditory form. In this paper, we provide more precise information on Inaudi’s life and a synthesis of the scientific context on memory research at the time. The study of Inaudi is of particular interest because it represents an original French approach to the psychology of memory: the clinical case study of singular or extraordinary subjects. This French scientific tradition was very different from the methods of the German experimental tradition.